THE DIFFICULT YEARS AHEAD: 1948 - 1962

[ Army History ]


The ceremony of the Portuguese surrender in Panjim, Goa on 19 December 1961.

1. Captain Courage

Captain Gurbachan Singh Salaria is the only Indian soldier to have earned the coveted Param Vir Chakra - India's highest medal for gallantry - in any UN Peacekeeping mission. He earned the honour in Congo. This is his story.

2. The 100 Hour War

Author L.N. Subramanian recounts the events during the Liberation of Hyderabad in 1948. Operation Polo, as it was known, was an important military operation undertaken to consolidate and strengthen the Indian Union right after Independence.

3. Reminiscences of a Gunner

Sainik Samachar brings us the memoirs of Brigadier Sudhir Arora (Retd.), who was commissioned into the Indian Army in 1957.

4. Operation Vijay: The Liberation of Goa

The refusal of the Portuguese Government to hand over the Indian settlements of Goa, Daman, Diu and Anjadiv Islands led to the Indian Army entering the area in 1961. Author L.N. Subramanian takes us back in time to 1961 Goa and the conflict that ensued.

5. Pictorial Gallery: Liberation of Goa

The Indian Army's operations in the 1961 Goa conflict.

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